For example, membrane components extracted from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) or other OC lineages have been used in encapsulating nanoparticles, which can be used to perform targeted delivery of nanodecoys and circRNAs, potential therapeutic approaches to osteoporosis.15,16 Understanding how membrane microdomains engage with nanomaterials and modulate membrane curvature or form vesicles from OCs will help to reveal the specific mechanisms underlying OC differentiation and function and thus will provide a reference for therapies targeting OC membranes.17,18. This evidence concerns the gene BGLAP and osteoporosis.