Moreover, we observed that wild-type TBK1, but not its mutants Y591F and Y591E, increased levels of phosphorylated IRF3 and Ifnb1 production induced by HSV1-GFP infection when PTK2B was co-expressed in TBK1-deficient MEF cells (Supplementary Fig. S7c, d). Here, IFNB1 is linked to infection.