Based on the results of the multivariate analysis and Hangzhou criteria, patients fell into four groups: (A) fulfilling the Hangzhou criteria as mentioned before (N=305, 58.4%); (B) tumor burden >8 cm, tumor histopathologic grade I/II, PIVKA-II ≤240 mAU/ml and AFP >400 ng/ml (N=66, 12.6%); (C) tumor burden >8 cm, tumor histopathologic grade III, PIVKA-II ≤240 mAU/ml and AFP ≤400 ng/ml (N=10, 1.9%); (D) other patients (N=141, 27.1%) (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and neoplasm.