We extended these studies to several human cell lines and showed that IL-11Δ10 robustly stimulates STAT3 activation in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-231, the lung cancer cell line A549, the glioblastoma cell line U87-MG, the pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC3, and the prostate cancer cell line LnCap (Fig. 4C), in keeping with the tumorigenic function of IL-11. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and lung carcinoma.