PDC and anemia: In dialysis-dependent CKD anemia patients, there were no significant differences found in this network meta-analysis between HIF-PHIs and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in terms of various risks (including cardiovascular events, hyperkalemia, cancer, hypotension, muscle spasms, and etc.).516 However, for long-term HIF-PHI use, personalized and selective approaches are crucial, particularly for cancer patients with chemotherapy-related anemia.6 Thus, competitive and selective PHD inhibitors are still being eagerly wanted.