In the context of chronic hypoxia, the transcription of genes such as Glut-1 (participating in transendothelial glucose transport), VEGF, and iNOS is induced, enabling cells to endure in a low-oxygen milieu.103 Furthermore, endothelial dysfunction resulting from endothelial cell injury is intricately linked to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and atherosclerosis.