HGF and osteosarcoma: Several studies have demonstrated the association of PTGS2 with anoikis: PTGS2-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis renders three-dimensionally cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) resistant to anoikis63; PTGS2 provides hepatocyte growth factor-mediated resistance to anoikis and promotes human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growth64; and a PTGS2 inhibitor (celecoxib) enhances the effect of cisplatin and induces anoikis in osteosarcoma through the PI3K/Akt pathway65.