Notably, among published PD and AD risk genes (Supplementary Data 2), we found four PD risk genes (SH3GL2, LRRK2, SATB1, BST1)29,30, and an Alzheimer’s disease risk gene (CR1)31, which were highly expressed in these vulnerable DaNs subclusters (Supplementary Fig. 8d). Here, LRRK2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.