Although the frequency of CD4+FOXP3+ total Tregs was unchanged in SLE patients, the frequency of CD4+CXCR3+FOXP3+Th1-like Tregs, but not non-Th1-like Tregs, significantly increased in SLE patients compared to the HDs (Fig. 1A). This evidence concerns the gene CXCR3 and systemic lupus erythematosus.