The increased expression of GFAP and downregulation of Socs3 observed in Rax iCKO mice together with the luciferase assay results suggest that the Rax homeoprotein is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of these retinal diseases to suppress inflammation in Müller glial cells by directly transactivating Socs3. It was previously reported that Lhx2 in Müller glial cells protects the retina from retinal inflammation (90).Whether and how Lhx2 and Socs3 are related remains to be clarified. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is Abnormal retinal morphology.