Studies on 3 independent cohorts of participants with type 1 diabetes have shown that APOC3 positively predicts the risk of major CVD events independently of traditional CVD risk factors, such as age, sex, diabetes duration, blood glucose control, blood pressure, smoking, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol (10, 17, 18). The gene discussed is APOC3; the disease is diabetes mellitus.