The BPH fibroblasts expressed both IGF1 and CXCL13, as well as steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 (SRD5A2) and androgen receptor (AR) (P ≤ 2.7 × 10–5, Hypergeometric test) (Figure 4, C and D). This evidence concerns the gene AR and benign prostatic hyperplasia.