ESM1 and SATB2 associated disorder: In summary, the gene expression of ESM1 and ICAM‐1 were increased via the downregulation of the miR‐181a1 in the IH‐treated vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that, in SAS patients, the upregulation of ESM1 and ICAM‐1 may induce vascular endothelial dysfunction, while miR‐181a1 could play a crucial role in the regulation of such gene expressions.