NLRP3 and bacterial infectious disease: In order to observe the inflammatory response of macrophages during treatment of intracellular bacterial infections through essential inflammatory factors including NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and interleukin (IL)-1, AuNCs conjugated with 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine hydrate (AuDAMP) were administered as treatment in that study.