Moreover, a 15 kDa protein with anti-inflammatory properties produced by F. prausnitzii was found to inhibit the NF-κB pathway in intestinal epithelial cells to alleviate dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in mice and restore the gut barrier and ZO-1 expression under diabetic conditions [33, 34]. Here, TJP1 is linked to colitis.