CD4 and malaria: While CD8 T cells can also differentiate into a phenotypically distinct regulatory lineage and produce IL-10 like Tr1 CD4 T cells in other diseases119, DEGs during malaria in CD8 T cells subsets had limited overlap with DEGs that dominated the Tr1/Th1 response in CD4 T cells, and no evidence of increased IL10 expression was detected (Supplementary Fig. 18F, G).