In bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway not only leads to the production of numerous SASP factors such as IL-6, IL-8, and the upregulation of cell cycle-related factors p16 and p21, but also increased secretion of inflammatory factors like IFN-β (26, 27). Here, STING1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.