CCL2 and systemic lupus erythematosus: In the present study we observed a statistically significant increase in the percentage of MCP-1+ CD14hi cells (p = 0.025, median SLE = 40.4% vs. HC = 3.63%) in cSLE, as well as a trending, though not significant, increase in the percent of IL-1RA+ CD14hi cells, compared to HC (Figure 2A).