GREM1 and morbid obesity: Hedjazifar et al. have reported a decline in Gremlin 1 mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues, following a two-step bariatric surgery in 55 individuals with morbid obesity, along with evidence of insulin antagonism, which was effectively neutralized in vitro by the addition of anti-Gremlin 1 antibody [20].