Interestingly, certain isoforms of Nox seem to play different roles in diaphragm abnormalities during development of HF with knock out of Nox2 restoring diaphragm function early and late after MI (138, 139) whereas Nox4 knock out had no impact in on early diaphragm changes after acute MI (140) but restored function later on (139). The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is myocardial infarction.