CER1 and infection: ACE, PXG and CER1 engaged in the resistance to Fusarium wilt in grafted wax gourd Benincasa hispida. As a mixture of very-long-chain (>C20) fatty acids and their derivatives, cuticular waxes play multiple roles, from acting as a plant physical barrier to limit the entry of pathogens to functioning as cues exploited by pathogens to initiate their pre-penetration and infection processes in regulating the plant-pathogen interactions (Wang et al., 2020).