APP and Alzheimer disease: In addition, Long et al. [46] observed that miR-153-3p is reduced in a subgroup of AD patients at an advanced stage of the disease and they also demonstrated that administration of miR-153-3p to human foetal brain cultures reduced the expression of amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) by targeting its mRNA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) [46, 47].