RAC1 and breast carcinoma: Han et al. [28] suggested VASP to be overexpressed in MDA-MB-231, a highly motile breast cancer (BC) cell line, compared to MCF-7 cells, and that high levels of VASP expression enhanced the aggressive migration of human BC cells through the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) pathway.