CREB1 and congenital rubella syndrome: Although we did not observe a change in Bdnf mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after CRS, a decrease in Bdnf mRNA expression was described in the hippocampus [40,52], as well as a decrease in the BDNF protein level [56,61,62] and CREB protein level [48] in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.