S100A9 and inflammatory bowel disease: The chemokine family (CXCL) and the S100 family can recruit innate immune cells such as granulocytes to enter the inflammatory site; serving as a pro-inflammatory mediator S100a8 and S100a9 is also participating in the inflammatory signaling cascade; elevated expression of CXCL3, S100a9, and S100a8 has been observed in human colon polyps and tumors, as well as in mouse UC colon tissue [68]; anti-S100a9 treatment can inhibit inflammatory symptoms related to IBD and delay the development of colon cancer [69].