SMO and Stroke: Polyamine oxidation, represented by the activity levels of AcPAO and SMO as well as acrolein concentration, reflected in the formation of Nε-(3-formyl-3,4-dehydropiperidino)lysine (i.e., FDP-Lys adducts of proteins), was found to be elevated in the plasma of stroke patients and was correlated with the size of stroke.