SMAD2 and Hepatic fibrosis: TCM has multi-level, multi-channel, and multi-target pharmacological effects, such as with Curcuma, which can regulate TGF-β1/Smads and PI3K/Akt signal pathways to improve CCl4-induced liver fibrosis [8], while Pien-Tze-Huang alleviates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis through the inhibition of HSC autophagy and the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway [9].