It has been clearly demonstrated that baicalein supresses the development of AAAs through the inhibition of VSMC proliferation via inhibiting PCNA/p-ERK/Akt pathways, increases the cell cycle arrest of VSMCs at the G0/G1 phase, supresses cellular ROS and blocks the stimulation of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is achalasia-alacrima syndrome.