TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Approximately 97 percent of all amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases, as well as ~50 percent of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cases, are invariably associated with cytoplasmic aggregation of hyperphosphorylated transactivation response deoxyribonucleic acid binding protein 43 (TDP-43) [5,6,7], while the remaining ~3 percent of ALS cases are typified by misfolded superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) proteins, and the remaining FTD cases are linked to misfolded and hyperphosphorylated tau inclusions or fused in sarcoma (FUS) inclusions [8,9,10].