TARDBP and frontotemporal dementia: Figure 1B explores the potential implications of the immuno-neurology approach to elevating PGRN in the FTD-GRN and AD disease states. Clinical trials are currently underway to investigate potential therapies that aim to elevate PGRN levels, offering a potential new avenue for treating neurodegenerative diseases. FTD-GRN, a genetically driven form of neurodegeneration, results in a range of pathological processes, such as TDP-43 accumulation, lysosomal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, complement activation, astrogliosis, and the buildup of neuronal debris.