Indeed, during the acute phase of infection by aav, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 (interleukin 1), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis- factor alpha), IFN-γ (Interferon gamma), and chemokines such as CCL2 (Chemokine Ligand 2), CXCL8 (Chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 8), and prostaglandins are abundantly expressed [10,11,12,13,14,15]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.