In addition, Ex ameliorated the hypertension, proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and renal interstitial fibrosis of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed a high-fructose diet, and this was associated with higher renal expressions of PGC-1α, PPAR-α, and β-oxidation enzymes [19], suggesting that the renoprotective effects of Ex might have involved changes in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and hypertensive disorder.