The study of autoantibodies to molecules that play an important role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis, in particular to specific endometrial antigens (TPM, TMOD), the glycolytic enzyme α-enolase 1 (ENO) involved in endometrial cell invasion, as well as to steroids (estradiol (E2), progesterone (PG)) and gonadotropins, in various forms of endometriosis, may contribute to a deeper understanding of the immune aspects of the pathophysiology of endometriosis, identifying promising diagnostic biomarkers and proposing new treatment strategies [23]. This evidence concerns the gene TMOD1 and endometriosis.