Given the previous report showing that EEAO, an ethanol extract of the tuber of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk, suppresses lung inflammation and ALI in an LPS-induced ALI mouse model by blocking NF-κB and activating Nrf2, we sought out chemical constituents accountable for the therapeutic effect of EEAO. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.