NFKB1 and acute kidney injury: It is well-known that LPS injection can induce the overproduction of cytokines by stimulating several intracellular signaling pathways, including the NF-κB and MAPK pathways and the infiltration of immune cells (such as macrophages) into the injured tissues, thus contributing to the progression of endotoxin-induced AKI [4,9,30].