Transcriptomics showed downregulation of enzymes involved in the carnitine and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) pathways, namely, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1a), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 (CPT2), carnitine acylcarnitine translocase SLC25A20 (CACT), carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT) and branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and upregulation of fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and branched-chain amino acid transaminase (BCAT) in tumour compared to non-tumour tissues. Here, PPM1K is linked to neoplasm.