MTOR and hepatocellular carcinoma: Considering the extreme association of the AKT/mTOR and RAS/MAPK cascades with biological aggressiveness and poor prognosis of HCC, the authors reproduced in vivo this phenotype by hydrodynamically transfecting activated forms of AKT (myr-AKT) and NRas (NRas-V12) oncogenes (AKT/Ras) into the mouse liver.