NFE2L2 and neoplasm: Furthermore, changes in iron levels also regulate a multitude of tumor-suppressive signaling pathways, such as those related to tumor protein 53 (p53), c-myc, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), Harvey rat sarcoma virus (H-RAS), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1⁄2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (AKT), and hypoxia-inducible factors 1α and 2α (HIF1α and HIF2α) [7].