There was a significant increase in the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy group for any grade of arthralgia (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.27–2.14; p < 0.01; I2 = 0%; Supplementary Figure S1A), increased alanine aminotransferase (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.19–3.40; p < 0.01; I2 = 70%; Supplementary Figure S1B), hypothyroidism (OR 6.77; 95% CI 4.10–11.21; p < 0.01; I2 = 21%; Supplementary Figure S1C), and rash (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.34–3.80; p < 0.01; I2 = 37%; Supplementary Figure S2A). Here, CD274 is linked to hypothyroidism.