In addition, comparing to their counterpart in normal lung tissue, Mono-like Mac in AIS/IAC upregulated numerous lipids metabolism and transportation related genes, including APOE, APOC1, PLTP, ABCA1, PLA2G7 etc. This indicated that this macrophage cluster undergoes significant lipid metabolism reprogramming (Fig. 8A), a phenotype that were reported closely related to various diseases, including cancer [47]. Here, APOE is linked to cancer.