CXCL10 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): Astrocytoma cells incubated with TNFα and IFNγ and subsequently treated with setmelanotide exhibited reduced expression of chemokine C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), while IL-6 and IL-11 mRNA levels were increased.