SNCA and Parkinson disease: To test whether enhancement of mitophagy in DA neurons of Usp30 KO mice is associated with protection of DA neurons from αSyn toxicity, we used a validated AAV1/2-A53T-SNCA αSyn overexpression PD mouse model that shows dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits in rat, mouse and non-human primate models47–51.