ALK and cancer: Schäkel et al. (2022) demonstrated that ceritinib inhibits ectonuclease CD39 in melanoma and triple negative breast cancer cells, which can contribute to the anti-cancer effects. In addition, in an in vitro experiment, Du and others showed that ceritinib decreases expression of PD-L1 in H2228 cells (NSCLC) through the inhibition of ERK (Du et al., 2020). Moreover, ceritinib was found to induce ICD in NPM1-ALK cells (Petrazzuolo et al., 2021) (Figure 2).