Other genes observed in the various adORS models and supported by AD-related literature include PTPN5 and VAT1L. PTPN5 (seen in Figure 2; Supplementary Figures 3A–D) is involved in pathways that regulate neuronal signal transduction, neuronal maturation and survival, synaptic function, and learning and memory. This evidence concerns the gene VAT1L and Alzheimer disease.