ARG1 and breast carcinoma: This implies patients with expression features like ARG-1 subpopulation probably have low response to chemotherapy, such as EPI, DTX, CTX, or PTX, et al. Besides, ARGs-based AI model successfully divides breast cancer into subgroups with prognostic differences, which is verified in independent cohorts in GEO data (Figure 5F, 5H, 5I).