Notably, two text-mining supported genes, FABP4 and VWF, still displayed significantly higher expression in the NAFLD-T group than NAFLD-L in the further validation using another independent sample cohort (HBV-L = 11, HBV-T = 11, NAFLD-L = 13, NAFLD-T = 15, Fig. 3C). Here, VWF is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.