Interestingly, a 2 years-treatment with insulin pumps increased the number of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs; CD34+/CD133+/CD34+CD133+) and cEPCs (CD34+KDR+/CD133+KDR+/CD34+CD133+KDR+) in T1DM patients, diminishing the cardiovascular risk [162]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.