This cfDNA in sepsis induce more prominent innate immune responses through several PRRs, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the endosomes (TLR-3, TLR-7, TLR-8, and TLR-9) and on the cell surface (TLR-4) and the intra-cytosolic receptors, including cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-1), and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5)11. Here, IFIH1 is linked to Sepsis.