CD4 and neoplasm: Subsequently, Granato et al. (2015) [185] studied the effects of CAP on two varieties of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells (BC3 and BCBL1), whose production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and other soluble factors impairs the functional maturation of DCs, abolishing their ability to capture tumor antigens and perform their cross-presentation to CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte populations, thus preventing the differentiation of the latter into functional antitumor effectors [191].