In patients with recurrent atrial fibrillation, serum levels of DNMT3A and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt/Protein Kinase (PI3K-Akt) were positively correlated with the left atrial volumes, while miR-200b was negatively correlated with the left atrial volume [137]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and atrial fibrillation.