They found that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (which is upregulated under pulmonary hypertension), upregulates DNMT activity, which decreases the expression of genes encoding vascular-protective proteins, including SOD2 and nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), ultimately promoting the pathogenesis of PH [51]. The gene discussed is NOS3; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.