In conclusion, these results indicate that the expression of exosomal NCAM, NCL, LUM and VASP has evident diagnostic value in discriminating NB patients from CTRL subjects, both taken singularly or in combination, suggesting that these non-invasive Exo-prot biomarkers may be used as novel diagnostic tools and provide new insights in the mechanisms of neuroblastoma pathogenesis. Here, NCAM1 is linked to neuroblastoma.