A number of these have been reported as changed in ALS, including IL-1β, IL-1Rα, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-17A, IL-18 and IL-21.61,71 It has not been clearly demonstrated that the serum/plasma levels of these markers increase (or decrease) at baseline in ALS.64,65 However, some ILs found in CSF may have some utility in the separation of ALS from disease mimics. This evidence concerns the gene IL15 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.